Thanks!
It's a fluyt (often spelled "flute" and pronounced as such, though it's really more like "floo-eet"). The type was invented in 1596 if memory serves, though I'm blanking on the supposed inventor's name. For the next 70-80 years the type was
the bulk hauler on the seas, and quite arguably is the ship on which the Dutch Empire was built.
The entire point of a fluyt is to provide a large cargo space underneath a small deck space, since until the mid-17th century most shipping tariffs were calculated based on the width of a ship's deck. This was especially true with the vital trade link through the Danish Sound, from which the Netherlands (and thus, many other countries) got the bulk of their timber for ships. In fact, when the Danes tried to change the tariff in (?) 1659, the Dutch sent a squadron of warships with their next convoy and basically forced the Danes to accept the older (and thus cheaper) tariff.
The type remained quite common until the 2nd quarter of the 18th century (i.e. circa 1725 or so), even though one of its biggest advantages -- cheap toll fares -- evaporated by 1670. Since they were long and narrow, they sailed surprisingly well for their tonnage. They were rigged efficiently as well, and a typical fluyt would often have a bare minimum crew of 20-40 sailors aboard. As such, the type was copied by other nations, especially France and Britain. Records show they were ubiquitous but are poorly documented -- common nearly to the point of invisibility in the historical record.
For more information, check out "The Heyday of Sail" from Conway Maritime Press, or "The Ships of Abel Tasman" by Ab Hoving.